what is the transformer?
You must have seen the transformer at the street intersection around your house or house, which supplies electricity to your houses. But have you ever noticed that this transformer how to work So today we will know about it Detailed through this article
A transformer is a machine that works only on alternating current (AC) alternating current. Basically the main function of the transformer is to step-up, step-down electricity. Also, there is no work for the transformer.
Who Invented the transformer?
Michael Faraday (Michael Faraday) 1831 UK (London)
which is the best transformer core?
The core of the transformer made of silicon steel is the best. Because it prevents Hysteresis losses.
which oil used in the transformer?
naphtha oil is filled. Which prevents eddy current from being created in the transformer.
What is eddy current?
Wherever there is an empty space in the transformer. There is an extra current generation. Which is called eddy current Against of eddy current main/original current works In order to avoid extra current generation, the varnish is coting in the core. And naphtha oil is filled in the transformer
transformer parts?
- Core
- winding
- Tank
- Bush
- Buchholz relay
- breather
- valve
- Radiator
- Core: -Core is made of flexible/soft iron. It is a blade. If you were a student interested in science in childhood, then you will definitely be aware of this thing. And must have played with it. By not having a single thick core, a lot of 150 -200 cores are combined and molded into a large shape. To avoid eddy current being generated, a paste of varnish is applied.
- winding: – Copper wire is wrapped on both sides of the core. Which is called winding On this, the winding is done in 2 layers, between the first and second layer a paper called insulator is wrapped. In any case, these two layers are not tuch.
- Tank: – Core on which copper winding is wrapped. It is lifted and put into the tank. naphtha oil is filled in it if eddy current is not generated. And it is covered by welding over it. A small tank is placed above the main tank which is called the conservator tank/expansion tank. If the transformer does not get blasted due to over-heat, it is very important.
- conservator tank: -conservation/expansion tank is connected to the main tank. In this also, naphtha oil is half full. Half because whenever the oil evaporates in the main tank, the oil of the conservation tank goes into the main tank.
- Breather: – Breather Conservation is placed outside the tank. It is mainly blue in color. Inside it is filled with silica gel. The main function of silica is to absorb moisture in the air. If ever you will buy a mobile, laptop then you will have seen a pouch in a pouch box. That is silica. Another device is placed under the breather. Dust-particle work has to be done.
- valve: – To drain the oil of the transformer, it stays below the transformer. Whenever needed, it is emptied.
- Buchholz Relay: – The Buchholz relay is placed between the conservation tank and the main tank. Inside it is a switch which is controlled by mercury, its ability to suppress it is filled in mercury. When the transformer overheats. So this mercury rises and presses the switch with pressure and turns the switch off. Which further stops the supply. And the transformer avoids being blasted.
- Explosion valve/vent: – Sometimes it happens that the Buchholz relay goes bad. Now transformers are mostly installed around the street, mohalla, market. In such a situation, if the transformer is blasted. So people can be known. Keeping in mind the threat of public life and property. The transformer has tight security. The explosion vent is a long pipe. (Nowadays these small valves are coming in the transformer.) Which is connected to the main tank The sieve of the weak metal at its end remains sieve when the temperature of the transformer oil boils. So from here, the oil comes out after breaking this sieve. This prevents the transformer from crashing.
- Cooling tube & radiator: -Transformer has 4 lattice iron radiators on its side. When the transformer works for a long time. Its oil starts boiling like milk. The heated oil reaches this cooling chamber/radiator through a thin pipe. The radiator consists of a thin tube. In which oil passes through and after coming into contact with air, it cools down and then goes into the transformer. But those are big transformers. In which the direct line comes from the power grid (110KV, 1130KV). Such as powerhouse substation, such transformer has a high capacity cooling fan. Which cools the transformer continuously.
- Bushing/terminal: -Transformer’s terminal supplies power supply to homes. There are 2 types.
- high voltage (HV)
- Low voltage (LV)
what is the transformer| how it works | types of transformer
